搁置脚载荷作用下的甲板压力分布特征实验和数值分析

Experiment and numerical analyses for pressure distribution on deck under undercarriage load

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  船舶上装载物的搁置脚与甲板之间存在着复杂的接触关系，不能简单地将搁置脚载荷视作均布载荷来处理。为探讨在搁置脚载荷作用下船舶甲板结构的压力分布，
      方法  以某大型装备的搁置脚为例，首先采用有限元方法对其进行非线性接触数值计算，并分析在甲板板上的压力分布特征。然后，通过实验验证搁置架与甲板的接触力分布规律，并在此基础上提出一种运用等效轮印载荷代替搁置脚载荷的简化计算方法，以此将复杂的非线性接触计算转化为线弹性计算。
      结果  结果表明，搁置脚与甲板之间的接触力主要分布在强横梁处和搁置脚前端，其中搁置脚前端的接触力使甲板板具有较大应力，该应力约占总载荷的25%；实验结果与数值计算结果吻合较好。
      结论  所提简化计算方法对此类甲板设计及强度计算具有较好的实用性。

     

    Abstract:
      Objectives  Complex contact takes place between a deck and the undercarriage of equipment. The undercarriage load cannot simply be regarded as a uniform load. In order to investigate the pressure distribution between a deck and undercarriage,
      Methods  the nonlinear contact calculation of the undercarriage of a large piece of equipment is made using the finite element method, and the pressure distribution characteristics of the deck are analyzed. The distribution of the contact force is then verified through experiment. On this basis, a calculation method for replacing the undercarriage load with the equivalent wheel load is proposed which converts complex nonlinear contact calculation into linear elasticity calculation.
      Results  It is found that the contact force is mainly distributed on the web beam and the front of the undercarriage, and the latter exerts great stress on the deck. The contact force of the front end of the undercarriage is about 25% that of the total load. The experimental results are in good agreement with the numerical results.
      Conclusions  This simplified calculation method is practicable in deck design and strength analysis for similar kinds of ship.

     

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