气垫效应对三体船连接桥砰击载荷的影响

Effects of air cushion on slamming load of trimaran cross-deck structure

    摘要
  • 摘要:
      目的  高海况下三体船连接桥底板易发生砰击现象，会在局部产生极大的砰击载荷从而造成结构破坏。为分析气垫效应对三体船连接桥砰击载荷的影响并提出连接桥底板的降载结构设计，开展相关研究。
      方法  针对三体船入水砰击运动，使用计算流体力学方法对三体船分段入水过程中两相流问题进行模拟。首先，通过与模型试验中砰击载荷和下落加速度进行对比，验证了数值模型的可靠性；其次，分析空气垫效应对三体船连接桥砰击载荷的影响，通过限制流域尺寸以降低气体逃逸速度来强化气垫效应，证实了气垫的重要性；最后，研究了不同形状连接桥底部封板对降低砰击载荷的效果。
      结果  结果表明：三体船入水会产生两次砰击峰值，分别为底部砰击峰值和连接桥砰击峰值。矩形间隔排列的封板相较于其他形状封板降载效果更加明显，降载幅度达到约20%。
      结论  考虑气垫效应对砰击载荷预报有重要影响，在三体船连接桥的设计中，使用矩形间隔排列的封板可有效降低砰击载荷对船体结构的破坏。

     

    Abstract:
      Objectives  The hull plate of a trimaran cross-deck bottom is often subjected to slamming loads under high-level sea conditions, potentially causing severe structural damage. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of the air cushion effect on the impact load of a trimaran cross-deck plate and propose a new type of hull plate for the cross-deck bottom in order to reduce the slamming load.
      Methods  The two-phase flow problem of a trimaran ship section is simulated using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. First, the accuracy of the numerical model is verified by comparing the predicted results with the experimental measurements. The influence of the air cushion on the slamming load of the trimaran cross-deck structure is then obtained by analyzing the evolution of the flow field. Finally, the influence of the air cushion is analyzed and the effects of different shapes and sizes of the proposed hull plate are evaluated.
      Results  The numerical results show two slamming peaks that appear during the process of a trimaran entering the water. The rectangular shaped plate reduces the slamming load by around 20% compared with the flat plate bottom.
      Conclusions  The air cushion has a significant effect on the slamming load. A rectangular shaped hull plate can be used to cover the trimaran cross-deck bottom.

     

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