某密闭舱室空气净化器减振降噪与环境适应性改进

Improvement of an Air Purifier in a Closed Cabin for Vibration & Noise Reduction and Environmental Adaptability

  • 摘要:
    目的 针对前期基于仿真分析完成流道优化的某密闭舱室空气净化器,在保持结构尺寸和功率消耗等限制条件并确保动力性能和净化性能的前提下,开展进一步减振降噪研究并解决环境适应性问题。
    方法 首先,通过优选电机、提高动平衡精度等对流道改进样机进行小批量试制,选出满足性能要求的样机。接着,改进流道、减少叶片尺寸、提高动平衡精度,来降低振动加速度级和噪声源强声压级。 研究发现,电机振动和噪声合格率太低且样机存在环境适应性问题,因此,通过改进电机、改变滤芯结构和安装方式等措施进行完善,并进行相应测试。
    结果 测试结果表明,改进电机显著降低了样机的振动和噪声水平;将滤芯结构与净化流道一体化设计,有效降低了基频所在1/3倍频程的振动加速度幅值。具体而言,振动加速度级(10 Hz~10 kHz)全降到104 dB以下,噪声源强声压级(20 Hz~20 kHz)均降至60 dB(A)以下,基频所在1/3倍频程频带振动加速度级均降至90 dB以下。
    结论 改进后的舱室空气净化器可显著改善滤芯更换作业的维修性和安全性,提升船舶的隐身性能;改进样机符合最新技术规格书要求,研究成果可为持续改进提供参考。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To further enhance the vibration and noise reduction capabilities and address environmental adaptability issues of an air purifier in a closed cabin, which had undergone flow-channel optimization based on simulation analysis, while maintaining structural dimensions, power consumption, and ensuring functional performance (airflow rate and purification quality).
    Method Initially, a small batch of prototypes with optimized flow channels was produced by selecting the best motor and improving dynamic balance precision, and prototypes meeting performance requirements were identified. Subsequently, the flow channel was further improved, blade size was reduced, and dynamic balance precision was enhanced to lower the vibration acceleration level (VAL) and sound pressure level (SPL). However, it was found that the compliance rate of motor vibration and noise was too low, and the prototype had environmental adaptability issues. Therefore, the motor was refined, the filter structure was altered, and the installation method was changed to further improve the prototype, followed by relevant testing.
    Results The test results demonstrated that the refined motor significantly reduced the vibration and noise levels of the prototype. Integrating the filter structure with the purification airflow channel effectively decreased the vibration acceleration amplitude in the 1/3 octave band centered at the fundamental frequency. Specifically, the VAL (10 Hz-10 kHz) was reduced to below 104 dB, the SPL (20 Hz-20 kHz) was reduced to below 60 dB(A), and the vibration acceleration level in the 1/3 octave band centered at the fundamental frequency was reduced to below 90 dB.
    Conclusion The improved air purifier for the closed cabin significantly enhanced the maintainability and safety during filter replacement operations and improved the vessel's stealth capabilities. The improved prototype met the requirements of the latest technical specifications and provided a basis for further improvement.

     

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