部分浸没悬臂平板的声振特性
Vibration and radiation characteristics of partially submerged plates
-
摘要: 研究水下结构的声辐射问题时,流体声介质通常被假设为无限域,然而对于大部分水面海洋结构物,则是部分浸没在水中,自由液面的作用不可忽略。通过构造反对称边界条件来考虑自由液面的影响,采用有限元法结合间接边界元法研究水中部分浸没悬臂平板的振动和声辐射特性。首先,计算悬臂平板在不同浸没深度下的固有频率和模态振型,并与已有文献的算例进行对比分析,验证该方法的正确性;然后,对半浸没悬臂板的声辐射特性进行计算,并讨论载荷位置和浸没深度对平板声振特性的影响。研究表明:平板在水中的固有频率随着浸没深度的增加而降低;载荷位置对平板辐射声功率级有影响且和频率有关;平板辐射声功率是随着浸没深度的增加而增大,低频段辐射声功率曲线的峰值随着深度的增大有向低频移动的趋势。Abstract: While studying the underwater acoustic radiation problem, the fluid is usually assumed to be infinite; yet, most marine structures are only partially submerged in water, suggesting that the free surface effect should not be ignored. In this paper, the free surface effect is simulated with an anti-symmetric plane set. The vibration and sound radiation characteristics of partially submerged cantilever plates are analyzed by employing the finite element method combined with the indirect boundary element method. The natural frequencies and mode shapes of the cantilever plate at different immersion depths are first obtained and compared with the actual data, which validates the proposed method. Then, the half-immersed plate's vibro-acoustic characteristics are calculated, on which the impact of different load positions and immersion depths is discussed as well. It is observed that the natural frequency of the immersed plate decreases with the increase of the immersion depth. Also, the load position would influence the sound power level of the plate, and the exact influence is related to the frequency. Plus, the plate's sound power level increases with the increase of the immersion depth, and the peak of acoustic radiation power curve tend to move toward low frequency range as the immersion depth rises.